Different Types of Hydrometers For Liquids

Different hydrometers for liquids can measure specific gravity (density) to help with water quality monitoring, industrial process control and brewing applications. A hydrometer consists of a glass tube fitted with a weighted bulb at its bottom end and an ascending stem with calibrated marks; then sample material should be poured into a clear graduated cylinder to be tested while slowly lowering it onto it until its top section protrudes above surface level – the level where this intersection occurs between its stem and hydrometer scale indicates specific gravity for accuracy.

Hydrometers rely on Archimedes’ principle that solids suspended in liquid displace the volume they float in, dispensing their weight on that liquid’s volume. The lower a hydrometer sinks in test liquid, the greater its specific gravity; hydrometers can often be identified according to their use such as lactometers that measure density (creaminess) of milk or saccharometers for measuring sugar levels in beverages.

The accuracy of a hydrometer depends on three key factors: 1. temperature at which it is tested. 2. condition and cleanliness of its surface and stem. A dirty or damaged hydrometer may not rise uniformly through test liquid, or may stick and produce inaccurate readings. To maintain accuracy, hydrometers must always be stored in an enclosed environment with dry conditions before being thoroughly cleaned before each use to remove any buildup of debris on their float or stem surface.